多体量子混沌在量子计算机上的动态模拟
近日，瑞士IBM欧洲研究院Ivano Tavernelli团队研究了多体量子混沌在量子计算机上的动态模拟。2026年1月20日出版的《自然—物理学》杂志发表了这项成果。
具备局部幺正性的量子电路为离散时间下的多体量子动力学研究提供了平台。其局域特性使其适配当前处理器，但对非可积系统的大规模验证仍存在困难。
研究组探讨了双幺正电路——这类电路虽具有最大混沌特性，却允许对特定关联函数进行精确解析求解。通过改进的噪声学习与误差缓解方法，研究组证明采用91个量子比特的超导量子处理器能够准确模拟这些关联函数。随后使电路偏离双幺正点，并基于张量网络模拟对动力学过程进行基准测试。这些研究成果确立了容错前处理器上误差缓解数字量子模拟作为探索涌现量子多体相可靠工具的地位。
附：英文原文
Title: Dynamical simulations of many-body quantum chaos on a quantum computer
Author: Fischer, Laurin E., Leahy, Matea, Eddins, Andrew, Keenan, Nathan, Ferracin, Davide, Rossi, Matteo A. C., Kim, Youngseok, He, Andre, Pietracaprina, Francesca, Sokolov, Boris, Dooley, Shane, Zimbors, Zoltn, Tacchino, Francesco, Maniscalco, Sabrina, Goold, John, Garca-Prez, Guillermo, Tavernelli, Ivano, Kandala, Abhinav, Filippov, Sergey N.
Issue&Volume: 2026-01-20
Abstract: Quantum circuits with local unitaries offer a platform to explore many-body quantum dynamics in discrete time. Their locality makes them suitable for current processors, but verification at scale is difficult for non-integrable systems. Here we study dual-unitary circuits, which are maximally chaotic yet permit exact analytical solutions for certain correlation functions. Using improved noise-learning and error-mitigation methods, we show that a superconducting quantum processor with 91 qubits is able to accurately simulate these correlators. We then perturb the circuits away from the dual-unitary point and benchmark the dynamics against tensor-network simulations. These results establish error-mitigated digital quantum simulation on pre-fault-tolerant processors as a reliable tool to explore emergent quantum many-body phases.
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03144-9
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-03144-9
